Developing a Model for Retailer Brand Competitiveness with the Grounded Theory Approach

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 . PhD. Candidate, Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

3 Associate Professor، Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics، University of Isfahan،Isfahan،Iran.

Abstract

 The purpose of this study is to develop a model of retailer brand competitiveness through the stimulus-organism-response model and characteristics of the retailer brand. Because retailers do not have a significant role in the production, packaging and pricing of products, the use of environmental stimulus pattern can provide a unique competitive advantage for retailers and play an important role in creating retailer brand competitiveness for retailers. This research uses a qualitative approach, by using the opinions of retail industry experts, seeks to design a model of retailer brand competitiveness through the model of environmental stimulus. The statistical population of this study was experts, professors and senior managers of retail stores. Purposeful sampling was used to identify experts and 10 experts were interviewed. 65 basic concepts were extracted from open coding, of which 21 categorical propositions and 6 main categories were obtained through selective coding. This research led to a framework for retailer brand competitiveness by using a qualitative method. The results showed that in order to achieve retailer brand competitiveness, retailers can provide the necessary conditions for creating a retailer brand through the dimensions of purchase satisfaction, brand love and perceived brand value by properly managing external and internal environmental stimuli, which its result is a competitive retaierl brand.

Keywords

Main Subjects


دانایی فرد، حسن و امامی، سیدمجتبی (1386). استراتژی‌های پژوهش کیفی- نظریه‌پردازی داده بنیاد، اندیشه مدیریت راهبردی، 1(2)، 45-60.
رضایی حاجی‌آبادی، جواد، محمدشفیعی، مجید و کاظمی، علی (1399). تأثیر تجربه برند مقصد گردشگری بر خلق مشترک ارزش با تمرکز بر نقش میانجی عشق به برند مقصد . فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی مدیریت برند. 7(4)، 89-118.
رحیم نیا، فریبرز و باقری، صدیقه. (1395). رابطه میان کیفیت خدمات، ارزش درک‌شده و تصویر شرکت با وفاداری مشتریان: نقش تعدیل‌گر هزینه‌ تعویض شرکت موردمطالعه: مشتریان بانک ملت مشهد. فصلنامه مدیریت برند، 3(1)، 151-172.
شفیعی، مجید و مداح، مرتضی (1396). تبیین راهبردهای جذابیت و برندسازی مکان در نمایشگاه‌ها. فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی، 8(30)، 19-41.‎
فیض، داود، موتمنی، علیرضا، کردنائیچ، اسداله، زارعی، عظیم و دهقانی سلطانی، مهدی. (1396). تأثیر عملکرد برند بر رقابت‌پذیری برند با تبیین نقش فرصت‌طلبی فناورانه. پژوهش‌های مدیریت عمومی، 35(10)، 159-182.
محمدشفیعی، مجید، یاوری، زهرا و قربانیان، پریسا (1394). رتبه‌بندی فروشگاه‌های زنجیره‌ای منتخب در اصفهان بر اساس ابعاد تصویر ذهنی فروشگاهی با فن ای اچ پی گروهی، تحقیق در عملیات و کاربردهای آن، 12(46)، 35-47
عیوض پور، جعفر، رضایی دولت آبادی، حسین و محمدشفیعی مجید (۱۳۹۹). بررسی اخلاقیات خرده‌فروشان الکترونیک و تأثیر آن بر تمایلات رفتاری خریدار و تصویر خرده‌فروش، پژوهش‌های مدیریت در ایران، ۲۴ (۳)، ۱۴۴-۱۶۷.
نورانی کوتنایی، محمد، رضایی دولت آبادی، حسین و محمدشفیعی مجید (۱۴۰۰). مدل‌سازی رقابت‌پذیری برند فروشگاهی بر اساس الگوی محرک‌های محیطی در فروشگاه‌های زنجیره‌ای: رویکردی آمیخته. پژوهش‌های مدیریت در ایران. ۲۵ (۲)، ۱۵۱-۱۸۲
Ahn, J. & Thomas, T. K. (2020). The role of customers’ perceived values of integrated resort brands in destination. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management24(1), 37-55.
Ainsworth, J. & Foster, J. (2017). Comfort in brick and mortar shopping experiences: Examining antecedents and consequences of comfortable retail experiences. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services35(2), 27-35.
An, M. A. & Han, S. L. (2020). Effects of experiential motivation and customer engagement on customer value creation: Analysis of psychological process in the experience-based retail environment. Journal of Business Research, 45(3), 1-9.
Badrinarayanan, V. & Becerra, E. P. (2019). Shoppers’ attachment with retail stores: Antecedents and impact on patronage intentions. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services50, 371-378.
Baumann, C. Hamin, H. Tung, R. L. & Hoadley, S. (2016). Competitiveness and workforce performance: Asia vis-à-vis the “West”. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(3), 21-35.
Bhatt, G.Sarkar, A. & Sarkar, J.G. (2020). Attractive and facilitating store atmospheric stimuli: Validating the scales, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 44(8), 363-379.
Brocato, E. D. Baker, J. & Voorhees, C. M. (2015). Creating consumer attachment to retail service firms through sense of place. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science43(2), 200-220.
Bustamante, J. C. & Rubio, N. (2017). Measuring customer experience in physical retail environments, Journal of Service Management, 28(5), 884-919.
Calvo-Porral, C. & Lévy-Mangín, J. P. (2018). Pull factors of the shopping malls: an empirical study. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 16(2), 125-140.
Chang, Y. Wang, X. & Arnett, D. B. (2018). Enhancing firm performance: The role of brand orientation in business-to-business marketing. Industrial Marketing Management72(1), 17-25.
Chen, H. S. & Hsieh, T. (2011). The effect of atmosphere on customer perceptions and customer behavior responses in chain store supermarkets. African Journal of Business Management5(24), 10054-10066.
Cho, S. (2018). Co-query volume as a proxy for brand relatedness. Industrial Management &-Data Systems, 23(1), 54-75.
Dalmoro, M. Isabella, G. de Almeida, S. O. & dos Santos Fleck, J. P. (2019). Developing a holistic understanding of consumers’ experiences. European Journal of Marketing, 53(10), 2054-2079.
Danaeifard, H. Emami, S. M. (2007). Strategies of Qualitative Research: A Reflection on Grounded Theory, Strategic Management Thought, 1 (2), 45-60. (In Persian)
Dang, V.T.Nguyen, N. & Wang, J. (2021). The impact of retailers' indoor environmental quality on consumer purchase decision, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Article in press.
Dolbec, P. Y. & Chebat, J. C. (2013). The impact of a flagship vs. a brand store on brand attitude, brand attachment and brand equity. Journal of Retailing89(4), 460-466.
Eggers, F. O’Dwyer, M. Kraus, S. Vallaster, C. & Güldenberg, S. (2013). The impact of brand authenticity on brand trust and SME growth: A CEO perspective. Journal of World Business48(3), 340-348.
Eyvazpour, J. Rezaei Dolatabadi, H. and Mohammad Shafiee, M. (2020). Analyzing E-Retailers Ethics Model and its Impact on Buyer’s Behavioral Tendencies and Retailer’s Image. Management Research in Iran, 24 (3), 144-167. (In Persian)
Fainshmidt, S. Wenger, L. Pezeshkan, A. & Mallon, M. R. (2019). When do dynamic capabilities lead to competitive advantage? The importance of strategic fit. Journal of Management Studies56(4), 758-787.
Farhikhteh, S. Kazemi, A. Shahin, A. & Shafiee, M. M. (2020). How competitiveness factors propel SMEs to achieve competitive advantage? Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal. 30(3), 315-338.
Feiz, D. Motameni, A. Kordnaeij, A. Zarei, A. & Dehghani Soltani, M. (2017). The impact of brand performance on brand competitiveness with clarifying the role of technological opportunism. Management Researches, 10(35), 159-182. (In Persian)
Foroudi, P. Cuomo, M. T. Foroudi, M. M. Katsikeas, C. S. & Gupta, S. (2020). Linking identity and heritage with image and a reputation for competition. Journal of Business Research113(1), 317-325.
Gallego, G. & Wang, R. (2014). Multiproduct price optimization and competition under the nested logit model with product-differentiated price sensitivities. Operations Research62(2), 450-461.
Gilboa, S. Vilnai ‐Yavetz, I. & Chebat, J. C. (2016). Capturing the multiple facets of mall experience: Developing and validating a scale. Journal of Consumer behavior, 15(1), 48-59.
Gorji, M. Grimmer, L. Grimmer, M. & Siami, S. (2021). Retail store environment, store attachment and customer citizenship behaviour. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 31(1), 65-93.
Grewal, D. & Levy, M. (2010). Emerging issues in retailing research. Journal of Retailing85(4), 522-526.
Gupta, S. Gallear, D. Rudd, J. & Foroudi, P. (2020). The impact of brand value on brand competitiveness. Journal of Business Research112(1), 363-379.
Happ, E.Scholl-Grissemann, U.Peters, M. & Schnitzer, M. (2020). Insights into customer experience in sports retail stores, International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, Article in press.
Hashmi, H. B. A. Shu, C. & Haider, S. W. (2020). Moderating effect of hedonism on store environment-impulse buying nexus. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 48(5), 465-483.
Huang, X. Huang, Z. & Wyer Jr, R. S. (2017). The influence of social crowding on brand attachment. Journal of Consumer Research44(5), 1068-1084.
Hussain, R. & Ali, M. (2015). Effect of store atmosphere on consumer purchase intention. International Journal of Marketing Studies. 7(2), 35-42.
Imschloss, M. & Kuehnl, C. (2017). Don't ignore the floor: Exploring multisensory atmospheric congruence between music and flooring in a retail environment. Psychology & Marketing34(10), 931-945.
Jiang, K. Luk, S. T. K. & Cardinali, S. (2018). The role of pre-consumption experience in perceived value of retailer brands: Consumers' experience from emerging markets. Journal of Business Research86, 374-385.
Kajalo, S. & Lindblom, A. (2010). How retail entrepreneurs perceive the link between surveillance, feeling of security, and competitiveness of the retail store? A structural model approach. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services17(4), 300-305.
Kumar, S. Murphy, M. Talwar, S. Kaur, P. & Dhir, A. (2021). What drives brand love and purchase intentions toward the local food distribution system? A study of social media-based REKO (fair consumption) groups. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services60(1), 125-146
Line, N. D. Hanks, L. & Kim, W. G. (2018). An expanded servicescape framework as the driver of place attachment and word of mouth. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research42(3), 476-499.
Lunardo, R. Roux, D. & Chaney, D. (2016). The evoking power of servicescapes: Consumers' inferences of manipulative intent following service environment-driven evocations. Journal of Business Research69(12), 6097-6105.
Mehrabian, A. & Russell, J. A. (1974). An approach to environmental psychology. Massachusetts: the MIT Press.
Mohammad Shafiee, M. Yavari, Z. & Ghorbanian, P. (2015). Ranking of selected convenience stores of Isfahan based on store image dimensions with group ahp technique, Journal of Operational Research and Its Applications, 12 (46), 35-47. (In Persian)
Nurani kutenaee, M. Rezaei Dolatabadi, H. & Mohammad Shafiee, M. (2021). Modeling the Competitiveness of a Store Brand based on the pattern of Environmental Estimuli in Chain Stores: A mixed approach. Management Research in Iran, 25 (2), 151-182. (In Persian)
Rahimnia, F. & Bagheri, S. (2016). Relationship between service quality, perceived value and company image with customer loyalty: The moderating role of company switching costs Case study: Bank Mellat Mashhad customers. Journal of Brand Management, 3 (1), 151-172. (In Persian)
Rather, R.A. (2020). Customer experience and engagement in tourism destinations: the experiential marketing perspective, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 37(1), 15-32.
Renani, E. S. M. Aghdaie, S. F. A. Mohammad Shafiee, M. & Ansari, A. (2020). Developing a scale for brand competitive positioning: a study in the home appliance industry. Journal of Modelling in Management, 16(2), 558-578.
Rezaei Hajiabadi, J. Mohammad Shafiee, M. & Kazemi, A. (2020). The effect of tourism destination brand experience on shared value creation by focusing on the mediating role of love for the destination brand. Journal of Brand Management. 7(4), 89-118. (In Persian)
Santos-Vijande, M. L. del Río-Lanza, A. B. Suárez-Álvarez, L. & Díaz-Martín, A. M. (2013). The brand management system and service firm competitiveness. Journal of Business Research66(2), 148-157.
Shafiee, M. & Maddah, M. (2017). Identifying the Attractiveness and Place Branding Strategies in Exhibitions, Journal of Strategic Management Studies, 8(30), 19-41 (In Persian).
Shafiee, M. M. & Bazargan, N. A. (2018). Behavioral customer loyalty in online shopping: the role of e-service quality and e-recovery. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research13(1), 26-38.
Shafiee, M. M. & Es-Haghi, S. M. S. (2017). Mall image, shopping well-being and mall loyalty. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management. 45(10), 1114-1134.
Singh, A. K. & Samuel, C. (2018). Modelling-the-strengthening factors for competitive position of apparel retailing in India. Journal of Modelling in Management, 22(4), 340-355.
Swoboda, B, Weindel, J, & Halsig, F. (2016). Predictors and effects of retail brand equity–A cross-sectoral analysis. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services31, 265-276.
Terblanche, N. S. (2018). Revisiting the supermarket in-store customer shopping experience. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services40(5), 48-59.
Triantafillidou, A. Siomkos, G. & Papafilippaki, E. (2017). The effects of retail store characteristics on in-store leisure shopping experience, International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 45(10), 1034-1060.
Vlachos, P. A. & Vrechopoulos, A. P. (2012). Consumer–retailer love and attachment: Antecedents and personality moderators. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services19(2), 218-228.
Walls, A. Okumus, F. Wang, Y. & Kwun, D. J. W. (2011). Understanding the consumer experience: An exploratory study of luxury hotels. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management20(2), 166-197.
Winzar, H. Baumann, C. & Chu, W. (2018). Brand competitiveness: Introducing the customer-based brand value (CBBV)–competitiveness chain. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(2), 256-273.
Wu, J. H. C. Lin, Y. C. & Hsu, F. S. (2011). An empirical analysis of synthesizing the effects of service quality, perceived value, corporate image and customer satisfaction on behavioral intentions in the transport industry: A case of Taiwan high-speed rail. Innovative Marketing7(3), 83-100.
Xia, H. Vu, H. Q. Law, R. & Li, G. (2020). Evaluation of hotel brand competitiveness based on hotel features ratings. International Journal of Hospitality Management86(1), 263-285.
Yen, Y. X. & Hung, S. W. (2017). The influences of suppliers on buyer market competitiveness: an opportunism perspective. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 22(2), 852-868.